Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits
Identifieur interne : 000503 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000502; suivant : 000504Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits
Auteurs : W. Widagdo ; Nisreen M. A. Okba ; Mathilde Richard ; Dennis De Meulder ; Theo M. Bestebroer ; Pascal Lexmond ; Elmoubasher A. B. A. Farag ; Mohammed Al-Hajri ; Koert J. Stittelaar ; Leon De Waal ; Geert Van Amerongen ; Judith M. A. Van Den Brand ; Bart L. Haagmans ; Sander HerfstSource :
- Viruses [ 1999-4915 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ARN viral (analyse), Animaux, Anticorps antiviraux (sang), Appareil respiratoire (virologie), Chameaux (virologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie), Excrétion virale, Femelle, Infections à coronavirus (transmission), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Lapins (virologie), Mâle, Nez (virologie), Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques, Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes (virologie).
- MESH :
- analyse : ARN viral.
- immunologie : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- physiologie : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- sang : Anticorps antiviraux.
- virologie : Appareil respiratoire, Chameaux, Infections à coronavirus, Lapins, Nez, Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes.
- transmission : Animaux, Excrétion virale, Femelle, Infections à coronavirus, Mâle, Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral (blood), Camelus (virology), Coronavirus Infections (transmission), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Disease Reservoirs (virology), Female, Male, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology), Nose (virology), RNA, Viral (analysis), Rabbits (virology), Respiratory System (virology), Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Virus Shedding.
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : RNA, Viral.
- chemical , blood : Antibodies, Viral.
- immunology : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- physiology : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- transmission : Coronavirus Infections.
- virology : Camelus, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Reservoirs, Nose, Rabbits, Respiratory System.
- Animals, Female, Male, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Virus Shedding.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission from dromedaries to humans has resulted in major outbreaks in the Middle East. Although some other livestock animal species have been shown to be susceptible to MERS-CoV, it is not fully understood why the spread of the virus in these animal species has not been observed in the field. In this study, we used rabbits to further characterize the transmission potential of MERS-CoV. In line with the presence of MERS-CoV receptor in the rabbit nasal epithelium, high levels of viral RNA were shed from the nose following virus inoculation. However, unlike MERS-CoV-infected dromedaries, these rabbits did not develop clinical manifestations including nasal discharge and did shed only limited amounts of infectious virus from the nose. Consistently, no transmission by contact or airborne routes was observed in rabbits. Our data indicate that despite relatively high viral RNA levels produced, low levels of infectious virus are excreted in the upper respiratory tract of rabbits as compared to dromedary camels, thus resulting in a lack of viral transmission.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/v11040381
PubMed: 31022948
PubMed Central: 6520746
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits</title><author><name sortKey="Widagdo, W" sort="Widagdo, W" uniqKey="Widagdo W" first="W." last="Widagdo">W. Widagdo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okba, Nisreen M A" sort="Okba, Nisreen M A" uniqKey="Okba N" first="Nisreen M. A." last="Okba">Nisreen M. A. Okba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richard, Mathilde" sort="Richard, Mathilde" uniqKey="Richard M" first="Mathilde" last="Richard">Mathilde Richard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Meulder, Dennis" sort="De Meulder, Dennis" uniqKey="De Meulder D" first="Dennis" last="De Meulder">Dennis De Meulder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Theo M" sort="Bestebroer, Theo M" uniqKey="Bestebroer T" first="Theo M." last="Bestebroer">Theo M. Bestebroer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lexmond, Pascal" sort="Lexmond, Pascal" uniqKey="Lexmond P" first="Pascal" last="Lexmond">Pascal Lexmond</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" sort="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" uniqKey="Farag E" first="Elmoubasher A. B. A." last="Farag">Elmoubasher A. B. A. Farag</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-viruses-11-00381">Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42;<email>eabdfarag@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (E.A.B.A.F.);<email>malhajri1@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (M.A.-H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajri, Mohammed" sort="Al Hajri, Mohammed" uniqKey="Al Hajri M" first="Mohammed" last="Al-Hajri">Mohammed Al-Hajri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-viruses-11-00381">Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42;<email>eabdfarag@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (E.A.B.A.F.);<email>malhajri1@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (M.A.-H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stittelaar, Koert J" sort="Stittelaar, Koert J" uniqKey="Stittelaar K" first="Koert J." last="Stittelaar">Koert J. Stittelaar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-viruses-11-00381">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands;<email>stittelaar@viroclinics.com</email> (K.J.S.);<email>dewaal@viroclinics.com</email> (L.d.W.);<email>amerongen@viroclinics.com</email> (G.v.A.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Waal, Leon" sort="De Waal, Leon" uniqKey="De Waal L" first="Leon" last="De Waal">Leon De Waal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-viruses-11-00381">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands;<email>stittelaar@viroclinics.com</email> (K.J.S.);<email>dewaal@viroclinics.com</email> (L.d.W.);<email>amerongen@viroclinics.com</email> (G.v.A.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Amerongen, Geert" sort="Van Amerongen, Geert" uniqKey="Van Amerongen G" first="Geert" last="Van Amerongen">Geert Van Amerongen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-viruses-11-00381">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands;<email>stittelaar@viroclinics.com</email> (K.J.S.);<email>dewaal@viroclinics.com</email> (L.d.W.);<email>amerongen@viroclinics.com</email> (G.v.A.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" sort="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" uniqKey="Van Den Brand J" first="Judith M. A." last="Van Den Brand">Judith M. A. Van Den Brand</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bart L" sort="Haagmans, Bart L" uniqKey="Haagmans B" first="Bart L." last="Haagmans">Bart L. Haagmans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herfst, Sander" sort="Herfst, Sander" uniqKey="Herfst S" first="Sander" last="Herfst">Sander Herfst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">31022948</idno><idno type="pmc">6520746</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6520746</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:6520746</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/v11040381</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001220</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001220</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001220</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001220</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000260</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000260</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:31022948</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000556</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000556</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000556</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000556</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000498</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000498</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002201</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002201</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002201</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000506</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000503</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000503</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits</title><author><name sortKey="Widagdo, W" sort="Widagdo, W" uniqKey="Widagdo W" first="W." last="Widagdo">W. Widagdo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okba, Nisreen M A" sort="Okba, Nisreen M A" uniqKey="Okba N" first="Nisreen M. A." last="Okba">Nisreen M. A. Okba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richard, Mathilde" sort="Richard, Mathilde" uniqKey="Richard M" first="Mathilde" last="Richard">Mathilde Richard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Meulder, Dennis" sort="De Meulder, Dennis" uniqKey="De Meulder D" first="Dennis" last="De Meulder">Dennis De Meulder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Theo M" sort="Bestebroer, Theo M" uniqKey="Bestebroer T" first="Theo M." last="Bestebroer">Theo M. Bestebroer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lexmond, Pascal" sort="Lexmond, Pascal" uniqKey="Lexmond P" first="Pascal" last="Lexmond">Pascal Lexmond</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" sort="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" uniqKey="Farag E" first="Elmoubasher A. B. A." last="Farag">Elmoubasher A. B. A. Farag</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-viruses-11-00381">Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42;<email>eabdfarag@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (E.A.B.A.F.);<email>malhajri1@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (M.A.-H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajri, Mohammed" sort="Al Hajri, Mohammed" uniqKey="Al Hajri M" first="Mohammed" last="Al-Hajri">Mohammed Al-Hajri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-viruses-11-00381">Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar, PO Box. 42;<email>eabdfarag@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (E.A.B.A.F.);<email>malhajri1@MOPH.GOV.QA</email> (M.A.-H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stittelaar, Koert J" sort="Stittelaar, Koert J" uniqKey="Stittelaar K" first="Koert J." last="Stittelaar">Koert J. Stittelaar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-viruses-11-00381">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands;<email>stittelaar@viroclinics.com</email> (K.J.S.);<email>dewaal@viroclinics.com</email> (L.d.W.);<email>amerongen@viroclinics.com</email> (G.v.A.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Waal, Leon" sort="De Waal, Leon" uniqKey="De Waal L" first="Leon" last="De Waal">Leon De Waal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-viruses-11-00381">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands;<email>stittelaar@viroclinics.com</email> (K.J.S.);<email>dewaal@viroclinics.com</email> (L.d.W.);<email>amerongen@viroclinics.com</email> (G.v.A.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Amerongen, Geert" sort="Van Amerongen, Geert" uniqKey="Van Amerongen G" first="Geert" last="Van Amerongen">Geert Van Amerongen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-viruses-11-00381">Viroclinics Biosciences BV, Rotterdam 3029 AK, The Netherlands;<email>stittelaar@viroclinics.com</email> (K.J.S.);<email>dewaal@viroclinics.com</email> (L.d.W.);<email>amerongen@viroclinics.com</email> (G.v.A.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" sort="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" uniqKey="Van Den Brand J" first="Judith M. A." last="Van Den Brand">Judith M. A. Van Den Brand</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bart L" sort="Haagmans, Bart L" uniqKey="Haagmans B" first="Bart L." last="Haagmans">Bart L. Haagmans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herfst, Sander" sort="Herfst, Sander" uniqKey="Herfst S" first="Sander" last="Herfst">Sander Herfst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-viruses-11-00381">Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;<email>w.widagdo@erasmusmc.nl</email> (W.W.);<email>n.okba@erasmusmc.nl</email> (N.M.A.O.);<email>m.richard@erasmusmc.nl</email> (M.R.);<email>d.demeulder@erasmusmc.nl</email> (D.d.M.);<email>t.bestebroer@erasmusmc.nl</email> (T.M.B.);<email>p.lexmond@erasmusmc.nl</email> (P.L.);<email>j.m.a.vandenbrand@uu.nl</email> (J.M.A.v.d.B.);<email>s.herfst@erasmusmc.nl</email> (S.H.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Viruses</title><idno type="eISSN">1999-4915</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term><term>Camelus (virology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (transmission)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term><term>Disease Reservoirs (virology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology)</term><term>Nose (virology)</term><term>RNA, Viral (analysis)</term><term>Rabbits (virology)</term><term>Respiratory System (virology)</term><term>Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms</term><term>Virus Shedding</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral (analyse)</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term><term>Appareil respiratoire (virologie)</term><term>Chameaux (virologie)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie)</term><term>Excrétion virale</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (transmission)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term><term>Lapins (virologie)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nez (virologie)</term><term>Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques</term><term>Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes (virologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Appareil respiratoire</term><term>Chameaux</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Lapins</term><term>Nez</term><term>Réservoirs d'agents pathogènes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Camelus</term><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Disease Reservoirs</term><term>Nose</term><term>Rabbits</term><term>Respiratory System</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Female</term><term>Male</term><term>Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms</term><term>Virus Shedding</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Excrétion virale</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Organismes exempts d'organismes pathogènes spécifiques</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission from dromedaries to humans has resulted in major outbreaks in the Middle East. Although some other livestock animal species have been shown to be susceptible to MERS-CoV, it is not fully understood why the spread of the virus in these animal species has not been observed in the field. In this study, we used rabbits to further characterize the transmission potential of MERS-CoV. In line with the presence of MERS-CoV receptor in the rabbit nasal epithelium, high levels of viral RNA were shed from the nose following virus inoculation. However, unlike MERS-CoV-infected dromedaries, these rabbits did not develop clinical manifestations including nasal discharge and did shed only limited amounts of infectious virus from the nose. Consistently, no transmission by contact or airborne routes was observed in rabbits. Our data indicate that despite relatively high viral RNA levels produced, low levels of infectious virus are excreted in the upper respiratory tract of rabbits as compared to dromedary camels, thus resulting in a lack of viral transmission.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaki, A M" uniqKey="Zaki A">A.M. Zaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S. van Boheemen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, T M" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">T.M. Bestebroer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, A D" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A.D. Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fouchier, R A" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R.A. Fouchier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Raj, V S" uniqKey="Raj V">V.S. Raj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farag, E A" uniqKey="Farag E">E.A. 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Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, J Y" uniqKey="Lee J">J.Y. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ko, J H" uniqKey="Ko J">J.H. Ko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, J Y" uniqKey="Lee J">J.Y. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, J M" uniqKey="Kim J">J.M. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, C I" uniqKey="Kang C">C.I. Kang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jo, I J" uniqKey="Jo I">I.J. Jo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Al Hajri, Mohammed" sort="Al Hajri, Mohammed" uniqKey="Al Hajri M" first="Mohammed" last="Al-Hajri">Mohammed Al-Hajri</name><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Theo M" sort="Bestebroer, Theo M" uniqKey="Bestebroer T" first="Theo M." last="Bestebroer">Theo M. Bestebroer</name><name sortKey="De Meulder, Dennis" sort="De Meulder, Dennis" uniqKey="De Meulder D" first="Dennis" last="De Meulder">Dennis De Meulder</name><name sortKey="De Waal, Leon" sort="De Waal, Leon" uniqKey="De Waal L" first="Leon" last="De Waal">Leon De Waal</name><name sortKey="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" sort="Farag, Elmoubasher A B A" uniqKey="Farag E" first="Elmoubasher A. B. A." last="Farag">Elmoubasher A. B. A. Farag</name><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bart L" sort="Haagmans, Bart L" uniqKey="Haagmans B" first="Bart L." last="Haagmans">Bart L. Haagmans</name><name sortKey="Herfst, Sander" sort="Herfst, Sander" uniqKey="Herfst S" first="Sander" last="Herfst">Sander Herfst</name><name sortKey="Lexmond, Pascal" sort="Lexmond, Pascal" uniqKey="Lexmond P" first="Pascal" last="Lexmond">Pascal Lexmond</name><name sortKey="Okba, Nisreen M A" sort="Okba, Nisreen M A" uniqKey="Okba N" first="Nisreen M. A." last="Okba">Nisreen M. A. Okba</name><name sortKey="Richard, Mathilde" sort="Richard, Mathilde" uniqKey="Richard M" first="Mathilde" last="Richard">Mathilde Richard</name><name sortKey="Stittelaar, Koert J" sort="Stittelaar, Koert J" uniqKey="Stittelaar K" first="Koert J." last="Stittelaar">Koert J. Stittelaar</name><name sortKey="Van Amerongen, Geert" sort="Van Amerongen, Geert" uniqKey="Van Amerongen G" first="Geert" last="Van Amerongen">Geert Van Amerongen</name><name sortKey="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" sort="Van Den Brand, Judith M A" uniqKey="Van Den Brand J" first="Judith M. A." last="Van Den Brand">Judith M. A. Van Den Brand</name><name sortKey="Widagdo, W" sort="Widagdo, W" uniqKey="Widagdo W" first="W." last="Widagdo">W. Widagdo</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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